RETRACTION, CORRECTION AND EXPRESSION OF CONCERN POLICY

The International Journal of Emerging Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation (IJEMRI) follows the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) for handling corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions.

1. Correction (Erratum / Corrigendum)

A correction will be issued when:

• A small error (typographical, grammatical, or minor factual) affects the readability or understanding of the article but does not invalidate the research findings.
• The error was introduced during the publishing process (Publisher’s error).

Corrections are published as a separate notice linked to the original article.

2. Expression of Concern

An Expression of Concern may be issued if:

• There is serious concern regarding the integrity of the published article, but there is not enough evidence to fully retract it.
• An investigation is ongoing and the outcome is inconclusive.
• The reliability of the published work is significantly undermined.

3. Retraction

An article will be retracted if:

• There is clear evidence of research misconduct (data fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism).
• The findings have been published elsewhere without proper permission or justification.
• The research contains serious errors that invalidate the major findings and conclusions.
• The article was published due to compromised or manipulated peer review.
• Authors failed to disclose major conflicts of interest.

When an article is retracted, a Retraction Notice will be published, clearly stating the reason for retraction. The original article will remain on the website with a prominent “Retracted” watermark, but it will not be removed entirely to maintain the academic record.

Policy Note

• All retraction, correction, or expression of concern notices will be freely accessible.
• The journal will notify the authors’ affiliated institutions and funding agencies (where applicable) in cases of serious misconduct.
• The Editor-in-Chief holds the final authority for issuing corrections, expressions of concern, or retractions.

This policy ensures the maintenance of the integrity of the scholarly record.